Nothing Can Be Perceived and One Should Not Assent to...

1. There are two statement made by academicians which we decided to argue against to the best of your ability: (a) nothing can be perceived; (b) one should not assent to anything. Please critically assess the academicians’ assertion to the effect that nothing can be perceived and one should not assent to anything. ïÆ' ¨ Before answering the essay question, I would like to introduce Augustine and the new academy† academicians† (Plato’s successors). Augustine is a philosopher and theologian that was born in 13 November 354 and his first language is Latin. He was famous with writings that influenced a lot of people and helped in developing the western Christianity and philosophy. However, in the east his teaching was not accepted at all. In addition, at age of 11, he started his educational path at madaurus and at the age of 17, he continued his education in a Carthage where he started his education in rhetoric. Furthermore, He was well recognized as Saint Augustine and was viewed as the father of western church. Augustin most recognizable work and still read and appreciated till now are city of god and confession. Augustine first vision into nature happened when he and his friends stole some fruits from the neighbor’s garden. Finally, He died in 28 August 430, so he li ved seventy five years old. Moving to some of the new academy history, Plato originated the academy in 387 BC in Athens and one of its unique students is Aristotle. Aristotle stayed and studied for about twentyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Vaccinations On Our Health1528 Words   |  7 Pagesever do anything to harm your child? Would you unknowingly insert a harmful substance onto a child’s body due to your inadequate education? Many, if not all, would answer no to the previous questions, why? Because us, as humans, would never want to put those close to us in any sort of harm. Whether it may have short-term effects or long-term, nothing is worth sacrificing ones, and others state of health. Whether it may have short-term effects or long-term, nothing is worth sacrificing ones, and othersRead MoreDescartess Doubt Method Essay961 Words   |  4 PagesKemerling). Descartes believed that science should be rested on solid foundations. But, these foundations should come from the mind and not from our senses, since we can be deceived by our senses. â€Å"Above all I enjoyed mathematics, because of the certainty and self evidence of its reasonings, but I did not yet see its true use and, thinking that it was only useful only for the mechanical arts, I was astonished that on such firm and solid foundations nothing more exalted had been built, while on theRead More How Descartes Tries to Extricate Himself from the Skeptical Doubts He Has Raised4647 Words   |  19 Pagesand why Descartes builds his epistemological system up from his foundations in the way that he does, it is helpful to gain an understanding of the intellectual background of the 17th century that provided the motivation for his work. We can discern three distinct influences on Descartes, three conflicting world-views that fought for prominence in his day. The first was what remained of the mediaeval scholastic philosophy, largely based on Aristotelian science and Christian theologyRead MoreDifferences Between Rationalism And Empiricism1890 Words   |  8 Pagesthat slate.† (Bernard 2006. 4) Controversially, Audi also asserts, that â€Å"even empiricists can recognise that analytic propositions, mainly formulated in purely logical truths, such as, if all whales are mammals and no fish are mammals, then no whales are fish, are examples of innate knowledge.† (Audi 2011, Chapter 4) This assumption that empiricists concede logical truths to be innate is manifestly bold, and one that will be discussed at length when evaluating the plausibility of innate ideas. Yet beforeRead MoreEssay on Arguments Against Skepticism4197 Words   |  17 PagesIf I tried to simply tell a skeptic, That rock will fall from the cliff because of gravity, he wont believe me because he will simply say, Not necessarily. In fact, this can be the skeptics answer to just about any attempt to refute his position. It has long been pointed out by opponents of skepticism that such an attitude cannot be taken to its extreme conclusion in the real world in which we operate- even skeptics must live their lives according to rules they must rely upon not to failRead More The Free Will in Meditations on First Philosophy by Descartes3767 Words   |  16 Pagesconsciousness and the sum res cogitans, rarely does one find exclusive attention devoted to the paramount importance of the free will in Descartes’ overall project. This essay investigates the theory of the free will as expressed in the Fourth Meditation and analyzes Descartes’ contention that we are â€Å"infinitely† free and ultimately responsible for the choices we make. In arguing that the use of the free will is essential in determining the veracity of all ideas one comes upon, clear and distinct or otherwiseRead MoreThe Human Rights Act Of The Uk4192 Words   |  17 Pagesratified by the government appears to signify a clear erosion of our privacy and an executive desire for omniscience. On GCHQ’s website, they describe themselves as â€Å"a foreign-focused intelligence agency, with a signals intelligence role† . This role can be exercised for the purposes of â€Å"national security†¦ economic well-being of the UK [and] in support of the prevention or detection of serious crime.† These noble intentions provide an insight into why the government believes prying is a necessity andRead MoreThe Princip les Of Empiricism And The Spirit Behind It2295 Words   |  10 Pagesagainst this view: knowledge is based on untheorized ideas and experiences and building science on this basis, but these factors rarely bring about certainty, but high probabilities are brought about by experimentation and experience and therefore can be relied on to be true, or very likely to be true. Empiricists believe in anti-innate ideas and reject Platonic and rationalist claims that the mind has knowledge from sources other than experience. Knowledge, according to empiricism, is based on perceptionRead MoreMy Philosophy of Balance Essay2545 Words   |  11 Pagessalvation, but because of the way this will influence all other beliefs. A belief in God will act like a polarizing factor in someones life, affecting the way that they think and reason about almost anything. If a person does not believe in God, this too will cause great change in the way that life is perceived. The change that this belief brings to a person is best illustrated by Immanuel Kants proposition that certain conditions change our ability to perceive things. Kants postulation is describedRead MoreTypes of Contract8450 Words   |  34 Pages1. Voidable Contract: An agreement which is enforceable by law at the option of one or more of the parties thereto, but not at the option of the other or others, is a voidable contract. A contract is voidable when one of the parties to the contract has not exercised his free consent. One of the essential elements of a formation of a contract for example, free consent, is absent. All voidable contracts are those which are induced by coercion fraud or misrepresentation. The person whose consent is

Narcissists Essay - 1038 Words

Narcissists are the namesakes of the legendary Greek boy that fell in love with his reflection in a fountain. Narcissus was so enamored with the face in the fountain that he confessed his feelings of love. The boy waited for a response that never came. Narcissus stayed by the fountain unable to eat or drink, eventually dying. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The myth of Narcissus is a good illustration of the damage that total self-love can do to a person. There is a misconception about narcissistic people. This confusion is the belief that narcissistic people are in love with themselves, but according to the DSM-III criteria published in 1989, the narcissus is not in love with HIMSELF, but is in fact in love with his†¦show more content†¦I mentioned in the first paragraph that self-love could be healthy for the mind and it helps to bridge a connection between the body, mind and soul. The problem is not in the way people take care of the body, but the amount of time spent on creating perfection. These people are narcissistic; the image in their head is trying to come to life. The body reflected in the mirror is nothing more than a mold that they sculpt to match the image in their mind. The few bodybuilders I have spoken with explain the frustration that working out continually brings. It is a race against time and the sense of urgency never leaves. The way they feel as a person is connected to the appearance of their bodies. The hours at the gym are not spent with idle chitchat with others, but on time-consuming analysis of their weak points. They seem to always look in the mirror with admiration, but it is with a critical eye that they see. To the outsider this all may seem like an exercise of vanity, but for many people in the situation above, it is an exercise in survival. They just as soon die than not work on themselves.Show MoreRelatedGatsby the Narcissist890 Words   |  4 Pagesfellow, appreciative of all the people in his life. But under this facade there is a more sinister aspect to Gatsby. Jay Gatsby is manipulating his milieu for the satisfaction of himself and does not care about others---in other words a narcissist. Jay Gatsby is a narcissist because of his relationship with Daisy, his manipulation of his milieu at his parties, his manner of speaking, and the little respect other people have for him. The first time that Daisy and Gatsby are alone his narcissistic tendenciesRead MoreChristopher McCandless: Rebellious, Suicidal Narcissist1570 Words   |  6 Pages Transcendentalism is a religious, philosophical, literary, and social movement of the nineteenth century. Essentially, this movement was based upon the ideals of the â€Å"sixth sense,† nature, and non-conformity, as well as individualism, intuition, idealism, imagination, and inspiration. A few of the works featured in the transcendental unit include Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer, Song of Myself by Walt Whitman, and Walden by Ralph Waldo Emerson. The primary focus of this essay is to provide an opinionRead MoreWhat Makes A Narcissist Can Be Defined As An Individual Who Expresses Constant Or Erotic Gratification?1129 Words   |  5 Pages A narcissist can be defined as an individual who expresses constant or erotic gratification/interest in one’s self. In the entertainment industry, we call it confidence, however the extreme narcissist constantly cries out for attention, and often appears in scandals. Most creatives, in some way can be defined as narcissists, comple tely dedicated to their crafts, and obsessing over physical appearance, because we are simply judged and paid for it. It is no surprise that I turned to entertainmentRead MoreThe Watson, Hood Jr, Morris846 Words   |  4 PagesThe Adams, Florell, Burton, and Hart, (2014) study presupposed that narcissists appear to have disapproval for social-demeanors customs; additionally, narcissists are more feasible to exaggerate and act antagonistically toward other individuals by use belligerent linguistic. Narcissists are predisposed to break social-manners standards, and the primary reason for this inclination is basically vague (Adams et al, 2014). Narcissists might disrupt social-manners standards as a way of grasping individual’sRead MoreA s Silent Treatment Is One Of Their Favourite Games Of Mind Control Essay1015 Words   |  5 Pageswill find it difficult to understand the utter devastation caused by what is sometimes known as mental murder.   The narcissist will deliberat ely ignore their target in order to cause harm, often encouraging others to do the same (Ostracism).  Ã‚  The person who is being ignored or ostracised is left feeling worthless with their self esteem lying somewhere in the gutter. The narcissist will express their disapproval by shutting down, withdrawing any love or affection, refusing to communicate and denyingRead More Narcissistic Personality Disorder Essay examples950 Words   |  4 Pagesnarcissism. One who depends on the existence of a reflection to produce the emotion of self-love. It also makes it impossible for the person to tell himself what is reality or what is fantasy. The narcissist does possess the desire to love and to be loved. If he cannot love himself, he has love his reflection. Narcissist are five (or more) of the following: has a grandiose sense of self-importance (example exaggerates achievements and talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements)Read MoreAn Article On Obsessive Personality Disorder1176 Words   |  5 PagesThe word â€Å"narcissism† has always caught my attention whenever I read something. Ever since my early teens, I’ve labeled myself as a narcissist because of the way I behave and think. I’ve never been to a professional who could diagnose me as such, but nonetheless I believe that I am one. Therefore, when I was presented the opportunity to write a paper about an article over any disorder in DSM-V, narcissism was my first choice. I’ve always been fascinated about studies done over narcissism, presumablyRead MoreNow Let’S Talk About â€Å"The Narcissist†. How Would You Feel1615 Words   |  7 PagesNow let’s talk about â€Å"The Narcissist†. How would you feel if someone called you a narcissis t? This is a term that’s often thrown around during putting someone down or combating someone’s overconfidence. It is common for someone who is called a narcissist to feel more than a little insulted, but also for them to just downright reject the notion that their love for themselves is somehow wrong, when it’s their oversensitivity to even the slightest criticism or scrutiny, that someone might find out anyRead MoreNarcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesDisorder can create many behavioral issues and multiple conflicts in closer relationships. Narcissists tend to look for a feeling of self-importance (Nakate 1). They typically have a stronger personality on the outside and believe that they are superior to other human beings (Nakate 1). They will also believe that there are not any rules that apply to them because they still are untouchable (Nakate 1). Narcissists Goodwin 2 always brag about their achievements and feel that everyone is jealous of theirRead MoreArticle Review for Human Growth and Development821 Words   |  4 Pages Foster, J. D. Campbell, W. K. (October 2005). Narcissism and resistance to doubts about partners., Journal of Research in Personality, 39 (5), 550-557. Purpose: Research has been consistent regarding the interpersonal relationships of narcissists. Several lines of research on dating relationships suggest that narcissism is linked to lower relationship commitment which can cause relationships to function less effectively. Foster’s and Campbell’s research dissects those previous findings and

Culture in the Context of Communication

Question: Discuss about theCulture in the Context of Communication. Answer: Introduction: Culture is vital in business as it influences the choice of communication style adopted by an organization with their business partners and the customers. Culture refers to a set of beliefs, values, and basic assumptions, policies, orientation of life, behaviours and customs that are adopted by a particular group of people or community and influences the behaviours of each member of the group or the community respectively (Samovar, Porter, McDaniel Roy, 2014). The culture is learned, shared and become accepted by a group of people or the community. Learning and understanding the culture of the parties involved in business is a stepping stone to enhancing effective communication between the parties. The international businesses mostly involve professionals from different cultural groups and effective deal in the market can be enhanced when the professionals understand cultural communication. The cultural factors that include language, dress codes and gestures may create an obstacle t o business communication. According to Moran, Abramson Moran (2014), understanding of cultures when engaging in business activities is paramount as it eliminates misunderstanding and enhances effective communication. The parties involved in making business deals should first learn the culture of each other prior to interacting in order for the deal to be successful. Discussion The cultural difference acts as a major barrier to communication between parties that engage in business activities from different countries. Appropriate strategies should be adopted by partners of a business from different countries in order to prevent cultural differences deterring effective communication and major decision made by the parties (Moran, Abramson Moran, 2014). The following are the cultural factors that make the cross- cultural communication succeed or fail while conducting business activities. Customs The customs of a particular group of people or culture plays a major role in the way they interact and communicate with each other. Samovar, Porter, McDaniel Roy (2015) assert that the basic customs including mannerism and gestures are important in determining the appropriate body language to be used while approaching a customer from a different culture group or country. The sales person should have prior knowledge on the customs of a customer from a different culture before engaging in meeting or sales related activities. The understanding of the customs of different culture enables the business parties from different cultures to act and behave in a manner that suits the other party. The selection of the appropriate action and body language is enhanced by understanding the customs of the different cultures. Language Barriers The language barrier can be an issue when interacting with members of a different culture from different countries. The language barriers can not only emanate from not understanding the language of the other partner from a different culture but also from the differences in the tone embraced by the different cultures. The language barrier has been the main barrier to effective communication between members from the different cultures (Jandt, 2015). The interacting members from the different culture should understand the language of their partners in order to enhance effective communication. Heltai (2016) assert that an interpreter should be involved if the interacting parties do not understand the language of the other party. The language barrier can also emanate from the tone used between the members from the different cultures. Different countries use different tones while communicating. The Germans and the people from the United States for examples are more aggressive and assertive and speak loudly while making suggestions and sharing ideas. The Japanese on the other hand are passive and speak softly while sharing suggestions and ideas. Understanding the tone used by different cultures is important in enhancing effective communication. Gender Roles and Target Audience The target audience should be considered before initiating advertisements and marketing campaigns across different cultures. The target audience should first be researched before launching the marketing campaign in order to enhance effective communication. The campaign should be in line with the cultural norms of the people of a specific culture and this prevents insulting the target audience hence making the campaign successful. Different cultures possess different ideologies, gender views and conservatism which should be put into consideration while launching the communication style to be adopted during marketing campaign and advertisement (Shinnar, Giacomin Janssen, 2012). The gender roles are one of the major determinants on the communication style to adopt while advertising the products for the business. The Swedish women make the major decisions on the purchasing decisions while the Austrian and the Japanese men make the major decisions on the purchases (Shinnar, Giacomin Jan ssen, 2012). The appropriate communication should, therefore, be applied while advertising the goods to different cultures of people depending on the gender roles of the different cultures. Timing of Communication The globalization has made it possible for different countries of diverse cultural background to conduct business activities. According to Pieterse (2015), globalization has been made possible by use of technology that has enhanced connection with people from the outside world. The cultural differences can affect communication with the use of technology between members of different countries. The cultural differences, for example, can affect availability for a video conferencing or international phone call. The Americans culture, for example, have a short lunch break than the Spanish culture and hence may interfere with video conferencing call between the two cultures due to availability. It is, therefore, important to schedule a conference call after ascertaining that all the stakeholders from different cultures will be available. The time zone for the different parties should also be considered while making the video conferencing and international calls (Pieterse, 2015). Appropriat e time should be selected while communicating with people of different cultures from different countries. Politics Influence on Culture The politics of a country can affect how a company or people conduct the business and impact on the communication during a negotiation. Government pride and Nationalism can be adopted by some cultures which make them prefer purchasing products from companies and organizations that have government backing (Gupta Ferguson, 2012).Agreements and negotiation can also be affected by cultures that do not tolerate political disputes. The parties involved in business should avoid discussion on politics that may result in disagreement with the other party. The Religion Religion adopted by the different culture of people act as a barrier to communication. The parties involved in business activities from different religious background find it difficult to communicate with each other as different religions have different ideas and perceptions (Alagic, Nagata Rimmington, 2009). The parties involved in business should, therefore, understand the religion of the business partner to prevent ideas that may demoralize the other partner due to differences in religious denominations and belief Age Identity The age may act as a communication barrier between people from different cultural background. According to Zillmann Bryant (2013), the age identity is different from different cultures and determines how people of different ages interrelate with each other. Some cultures are mindful of the elders opinions before making decisions while other cultures take their advice on making decisions. Communication barrier can result when a business partner from a culture that consults their elder for opinion operates with another partner who makes their own decisions. The sales personnel experience problems in influencing the customers to purchase their products if the customers have to consult their elder. The sales person should, therefore, understand the age identity of the culture in order to enhance effective communication with the customers. Conclusion The cross cultural understanding is significant for managers, business leaders and executives as it ensures effective communication with different cultural groups. The cultural differences may make the communication between different cultures fail. The international business should ensure that they learn the culture of their customers and the people they are partnering with in order to enhance effective communication and make their business successful. The cultural factor that may affect communication includes customs, language barrier, gender roles, politics, and time of communication, religion and age identity. Successful businesses that run across different cultures analyses the culture of the people and attempt to prevent cultural factors that may inhibit effective communication with their customers. References Alagic, M., Nagata, A.L., Rimmington, G. (2009). Improving intercultural communication competence: Fostering bodymindful cage painting. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 12(2), 39-55 Gupta, A., Ferguson, J. (2012). Beyond culture: Space, identity, and the politics of difference.Cultural anthropology,7(1), 6-23. Heltai, P. (2016). Juliane House: Translation as communication across languages and cultures.Across Languages And Cultures,17(1), 137-142. https://dx.doi.org/10.1556/084.2016.17.1.7 Jandt, F. E. (2015).An introduction to intercultural communication: Identities in a global community. Sage Publications. Moran, R. T., Abramson, N. R., Moran, S. V. (2014).Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Pieterse, J. N. (2015).Globalization and culture: Global mlange. Rowman Littlefield. Samovar, L. A., Porter, R. E., McDaniel, E. R., Roy, C. S. (2015).Communication between cultures. Nelson Education. Samovar, L. A., Porter, R. E., McDaniel, E. R., Roy, C. S. (2014). Intercultural communication: A reader. Cengage Learning. Shinnar, R. S., Giacomin, O., Janssen, F. (2012). Entrepreneurial perceptions and intentions: The role of gender and culture.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,36(3), 465-493. Zillmann, D., Bryant, J. (2013).Selective exposure to communication. Routledge.